What is the classification used to categorize shotguns?

The classification used to categorize shotguns is known as "gauge." Gauge refers to the internal diameter of the shotgun's barrel and is a measure of the size of the shotgun shell that the firearm is designed to shoot. Specifically, the gauge number indicates how many lead balls of the same diameter as the bore can be made from one pound of lead; for example, a 12-gauge shotgun can fit 12 lead balls that are each 0.729 inches in diameter.

This classification is crucial for hunters and shooters, as it affects the type of ammunition that can be used with the firearm, influencing factors such as the shot spread, recoil, and the effectiveness of the shotgun for various types of hunting or shooting sports. Understanding gauge helps ensure that the right type of ammunition is used, which is essential for safety and performance.

Other classifications mentioned, such as caliber, bore, and choke, are applicable in different contexts. Caliber is typically used for rifles and handguns to denote the diameter of the bullet. Bore refers to the inner diameter of the gun barrel in general, which can apply to both shotguns and rifles. Choke describes the constriction at the end of the shotgun barrel that influences shot spread; this is specific to shotgun