What is the action of a firearm responsible for?

The action of a firearm is responsible for loading, firing, and ejecting a cartridge. This is the mechanical function of the firearm that enables it to operate effectively. When you operate a firearm, the action is what facilitates the entire cycle of shooting. It ensures that a cartridge is loaded into the chamber, ignited when the trigger is pulled, and then, after firing, ejects the spent cartridge case to make room for the next cartridge.

Each step in this process is crucial for the firearm to function correctly and safely. The action can be classified into different types based on how these functions are performed, such as bolt action, lever action, semi-automatic, and automatic, each of which emphasizes the mechanics of loading, discharging, and ejecting cartridges in various ways. Understanding the role of the action helps a hunter or shooter ensure the firearm operates reliably and safely during use.